handbrake foreign audio search. Add Foreign Audio Scan. handbrake foreign audio search

 
Add Foreign Audio Scanhandbrake foreign audio search  Audio quality is slightly reduced, and

mkv files produced by MakeMKV into . Is it sufficient to just select Foreign Audio Search in Handbrake (burned in) if I have the Subtitle track? Thanks. In the folder of tools you downloaded earlier is a file - mmg. On the subtitle tab in Handbrake, for Track, select Foreign Audio Search. Click on the Subtitle button. Then click add again and add the . When this happens, the foreign audio search entry gets dropped and the second entry will be burned in. Where to get HandBrake The officially supported version;. I don't know if these films have sections with foreign audio. I don't know if its different in the windows version of handbrake but you should just be able to click add and under import srt select your srt file and click burn in. Step 3. 7 Select “H. If you. it will do a pass on the video and determine. I am trying to encode some dvd's so I can use them on my phone for long car trips. Instead of forcing foreign audio subtitles, Kill Bill apparently uses a separate track, so you can. Click Save to close the window, then save this as a new custom video preset. Format: MP4, Chapter Markers, Align A/V Start Range: Title 1, Chapters 1 through 24, 1 Foreign Language Search Pass - Dimensions: Source: 1808x1080, Output: 1804x1080 Filters: Decomb (Default). 1. 0 to 4. If it detects one, it will add the subtitle track automatically. For offline rendering (not streaming), you should always use High profile on x264, and Very Slow. 1 at 640kbps would ensure you always get a proper 5. Add Foreign Audio Scan. 94, 60 fps Double framerate ("bob") mode for the deinterlace and decomb filters Better audio remix support additional mixdowns: 6. You'll now see Foreign audio scan in subtitle. exe. If you want the smallest possible file size with HEVC, you'll have to wait a looooong time, even with a fast new Mac. I've been scouring the web a little here, and I can't seem to find a definitive answer on this. For this option, choose Foreign Audio Search from the. If you want to keep the subwoofer channel separate to the other channels, then you will need to pass the audio through, or mix down to 5. Unless you have some specific bitrate requirement, quality based encoding in a single pass is generally recommended. For Handbrake, just encode chapter 22 of Star Wars IV to test your settings. Step 2: Move downloaded Windows libdvdcss-2. I am fairly new to using subtitles in Handbrake, so I may be far off the mark. Usually, Foreign Audio Search works pretty. Post by Woodstock » Fri Dec 16, 2022 11:16 pm. If your movie has any. On my setup, it's using "Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)" by default. Roundups. Step 4: Choose output preset. b. On the video tab, select constant quality and set the slide to 24. From Bluray - PGS Subtitles. Start by clicking on the “Subtitles” tab. Choose the output file location. Handbrake seems to handle this. Here, we’ve removed the Decomb deinterlacing filter, audio tracks, and Foreign Audio Search, and encoded only video in average bit rate, 2-pass mode. This article is part of the HandBrake Documentation and was written by Scott (s55). (Add any others you may want. If you want a new audio default, it must be included in a new, custom preset. By removing --audio 1 entirey, I got both passthru and and a downmix on output! Hooray! BUT these input params are then not entirely clear to me:--audio-lang-list Specifiy a comma separated list of audio languages you would like to select from the source title. 6 Click the “Video” tab. markdown","path":"source/docs/en/1. not 2, since the graphical user interface (GUI) for Handbrake numbers subtitle tracks starting at 1, not 0. Here, we’ve removed the Decomb deinterlacing filter, audio tracks, and Foreign Audio Search, and encoded only video in average bit rate, 2-pass mode. 5. It allows you to import foreign and regular subtitles to your movies. 2 These Presets generally produce higher quality audio and video to reduce generational loss commonly accrued during re-encoding into multiple. 9 is out. #764. HandBrake 0. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. Then use Handbrake to compress your videos. 9. 1, 7. The only added subtitle track is still the Foreign Audio Scan. Step 3. Supported source available Types of video files HandBrake can read; Formal setting Technical summary by the official presets; Performance How various settings involve encoding geschwindigkeit; Process Isolated Process Isolation press Multiple Coincident Jobs supports; Video View codecs draw; 10/12-bit encrypt draft; HDR encoding draftSelecting a preset. With how quickly MakeMKV (20-30 mins) your Optical Drive can rip media. Step 2: Select the source video you want to remove subtitles from. Is it sufficient to just select Foreign Audio Search in Handbrake (burned in) if I have the Subtitle track? Thanks. Please remember to post your encoding log should you ask for help. markdown","path":"source/docs/en/latest. Double click this and it opens mkvmerge. Easy-to-use, 6X faster conversion speed and zero quality loss. Click “Add” in the subtitle list tab, and select subtitle track 3 (n. 1,003. If Shown with foreign audio is enabled, the “Forced” subtitle will be used even if there is an audio track present that matches your preferred audio language (this is the behavior that most people expect and desire) If Always enabled is selected, the “Forced” subtitle will be treated as normal; Audio and Subtitle Track LanguagesOpen your DVD in HandBrake. Open Handbrake and choose the source. 9. This setting prompts HandBrake to copy them to the final file autonomously. Handbrake allows you to change audio encoding (codec type) from a source audio track. and 1 Auto pass-thru Surround. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. HandBrake supports two modes of operation for handling audio tracks from the source. dll into HandBrake install directory. idx/sub file you extracted earlier. For Handbrake, just encode chapter 22 of Star Wars IV to test your settings. Then I open the file in Handbrake, and tell it to burn in any specific sub I found was a foreign language sub (and include standard English subs but not burn into the final MKV file). Double click this and it opens mkvmerge. I've got NVEnc/NVDec for playback, so storage space is more important to me. 2 The maximum duration is part of each Preset name. Added protection against crash due to not being able to open the logger file. ビデオエンコードで必要な機能をすべて搭載していますので、HandBrakeがあれば、VIDEO_TSフォルダ及びISOフィアルなどの任意の動画ファイルをすばやく手軽にiPhone. Add Foreign Audio Scan. Why isnt it detecting the subtitles and how do I get the subtitles to be detected so I can burn it in and turn it into an mp4 file?I am having an ongoing issue with a new install of Handbrake on my newly build machine. Woodstock Posts: 9279 Joined: Sun Jul 24, 2011 11:21 pm. Here, we’ve removed the Decomb deinterlacing filter, audio tracks, and Foreign Audio Search, and encoded only video in average bit rate, 2-pass mode. Reasons you’ll love HandBrake: Convert video from nearly any format; Free and Open Source; Multi-Platform (Windows, Mac and Linux) Download HandBrake 1. Remove the “Foreign Audio Search” option from the subtitle list. 1 (5F/2R/LFE) CLI users should note 6ch becomes 5point1Problem description: When I rip the VOB files from a DVD (ones which the DVD player seamlessly plays back to back with no gaps), there is a gap, static noise, black screen or other issue with the b. 1. Gmail Presets are designed to guarantee video up to a certain duration will produce a file less than 25 MB for attaching to an email. Once you’ve opened. Convert to more than 250 formats and devices. Have you tried forced re-encoding of the AC3 5. 1, 7. Encoding AC3 5. 5. It makes it easy for anyone to prepare their camera videos for playback on a va. ) And run it. If you want the subtitles on by default, choose default. If your movie or TV show has occasional subtitles for foreign languages (think Greedo in “Star Wars”), choose the Foreign Audio Search option and HandBrake will try to find any subtitles that are meant to be visible during the movie when it’s being played in its default language. Load the new MKV source file into Handbrake and encode as you wish, or leave as it is if you simply wanted the file to be in an MKV container. but I just wanted to add that Handbrake seems to struggle with the Foreign Audio Scan when converting from one video file format to another (not when ripping off a blu-ray). HandBrake's Web Presets use the broadly compatible MP4 container and are tailored for sharing videos on the Internet. Note that Burn In is checked. The default button just tells the player that these. The only problem is there is no "list" of subtitles to select when I have the source . ago. 1 at the minimum. HandBrake knows your. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. Having Foreign Audio Scan selected under Subtitles causes preview encoding to quickly report 100% and hang. Notes: New default preset, trade 50% speed for better motion/quality/filesize compared to legacy Normal preset. This article is part of the HandBrake Documentation and was written by Scott (s55). Click “Add Track” to add a subtitle track. Once the software has loaded, a Source Selection window will appear on your screen’s left side. ) Make sure you don’t select “Forced Subtitles Only” since the subtitles on that track. AppleTV 3 : Devices > Apple 1080p30 Surround : Decomb filter, slightly decreased video bit rate, foreign audio search. 1 - FAS works ONLY with Engish when using a Region 1 (USA) disc. otherwise, it has to transcode on the fly. Click to expand. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. This will allow you to get a video mkv file, an audio file, a subtitle file, and a chapters file. Add video files to Handbrake. Make a note of which track it is. Click on add and add the file handrake made. HandBrake can scan the source for subtitles that appear only 10% (or less) of the time in addition to scanning for the presence of any forced subtitles. Of course, select burned-in. 0. ") and. And i agree with you, the quality handbrake produces is beyond any of the other tools in my opinion. The Passthrough Audio Codecs can create distortions in the audio while you stream the video. HandBrake can read subtitles from the following sources: From DVD’s – Either embedded VOBSUB or CC tracks. something (eg 1. Step 5. If you pass --subtitle scan, HandBrake will search for subtitle tracks that appear “10 percent of the time or less”. 1. Next, enable the Burn In option to hardcode the added subtitles to the video. 0/technical":{"items":[{"name":"anamorphic-guide. It makes it easy for anyone to prepare their camera videos for playback on a va. 1. What is foreign audio scan HandBrake? Add Foreign Audio Scan. Alien language in a film, foreign language spoken during an English language film are both examples of forced subtitles. Is it sufficient to just select Foreign Audio Search in Handbrake (burned in) if I have the Subtitle track? Thanks. AAC: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is one of the most popular formats available in HandBrake and is widly supported by media players and mobile devices. Under devices on the left side, open the DVD, open the folder labeled. So it's downmixing to 2. We’ve reduced the bit. * The output container you choose will impact how subtitles are handled. 1 Surround. Final Tweaks. 1 audio track then set the following Set codec = AC3{"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"gtk/po":{"items":[{"name":"ChangeLog","path":"gtk/po/ChangeLog","contentType":"file"},{"name":"LINGUAS","path. I select the folder and start the queue and as soon and i click start and it locks up and crashes my system. In MakeMKV it makes only sense if this is the favorite language forced subtitle track or the main audio language is different from the set favorite language and the the subtitle (regardless if it is forced ot not) are in favorite language. If you have the subtitle tracks in the mov, set HB to do a foreign audio search, burn in. Then open in HandBrake and "add" all the tracks you want (the wav track will show as "pcm_. But I cannot see any way how MakeMKV can check this in detail, so the best is to set the default to off. Open Handbrake, click Source, and browse to the MKV video you just created. AppleTV 2 : Devices > Apple 720p30 Surround : Decomb filter, slightly decreased video bit rate, foreign audio search. To enable this functionality within the HandBrake user interface, from the “Subtitles” tab select the “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from the. Post by Woodstock » Fri Dec 16, 2022 11:16 pm. On some titles this is a unique subtitle track in the same language as the main audio track, on others it uses the standard subtitle track in the same language as the main audio track except marks a subset of the subtitles as forced. HandBrake 0. Choose Tracks and click on Import Subtitles. If it detects one, the subtitle track will be added automatically. It provides a video preview. 1 Surround. The recordings are AVC and AAC in origin, but for some reason MediaInfoXP is reporting the audio as different before and. I'd do search and replace rather than a global format removal as that would also strip out italics. I'm importing a preset from the GUI that chooses FAS (Forced Only/Burn In), then any English. AN Preset is a group of settings specifically tailor-made for the software or device you do your videos to play on. Click “Add” in the subtitle list tab, and select subtitle track 3 (n. Problem description: Windows 10 update: KB4586876 . That search code is built into HandBrake. For some reason it will start encoding and then say its complete but there are. Both MKV and MP4 and random places and times. 8. . If you happen to discover any reproducible bugs or issues, please tell us about them on our bugs forum or GitHub issue tracker. When I open the mkv file in Handbrake, it defaults to having the Foreign Audio Scan track as "Burn In". Go find a section of video that has a lot of detail, some gradients, etc. b. choose fastest lowest quality audio conversion (you don't need audio too) 5. MKV can, in Handbrake, passthru, most subtitle types, see here. To enable this functionality within the HandBrake user interface, from the “Subtitles” tab select the “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from the “Track” dropdown menu and click the “Forced. Top. Handbrake allows you to change audio encoding (codec type) from a source audio track. load your mkv to HandBrake. Here's what you can do: 1) Run the original bluray through hddvd/stream extractor. Fixed problem where the preview would fail to update when changing cropping values if the picture was set to a fixed size. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. markdown","path":"source/docs/en/latest. It supports ACC, HE-ACC, ACC pass-thru, AC3, E-AC3, and MP3 audio codecs. 0 --audio-copy-mask aac,ac3,dtshd,dts,mp3 --audio-fallback ffac3 . If there wasn’t any, nothing will be added. Choose a desired preset in the list on the right. 0. Re: Forced Subs - Handbrake Foreign Audio Search. • 6 yr. 000000 fps. 5 being a useful range. Second pass will transcode the file. However, Handbrake’s presets are designed for best compatibility of devices regardless of quality. HandBrake can perform a scan of the source title / file to try and detect if there is a portions of a title that are in a foreign language. In order to select this track, HandBrake can scan the source for subtitles that appear only 10% (or less) of the time in addition to scanning for the presence of any forced subtitles. I have now got the tab you show above open to reveal the subtitles available with. For example, AC3 or DTS audio from. HandBrakeは、無料で使える動画変換・エンコードソフトです。. b. 1 @ 1536 unless there is an EAC3 or AC3 5. Post by Woodstock » Fri Dec 16, 2022 11:16 pm. On the audio tab, on the right side of the track listing (next to the red X for delete), there is an arrow (at least on the Windows GUI), that will make available additional. English - with Forced Only/Burn In/Default checked 3. HandBrake can read subtitles from the following sources: From DVD’s – Either embedded VOBSUB or CC tracks. Foreign Audio Scan needs to read the entire file, causing a delay when scanning feature length videos. Woodstock Posts: 9262 Joined: Sun Jul 24, 2011 11:21 pm. Handbrake > load Source disc > Subtitle Tab > Add Track > tick the down arrow to reveal options. If you only want subtitles that are marked as forced, choose forced. Once you open the file, it will load the subtitle track into the editor. But I cannot see any way how MakeMKV can check this in detail, so the best is to set the default to off. In the same way, as you can independently manipulate video, you can also adjust, optimize, or encode your audio. Top. HandBrake’s General Presets use the MP4 container and are intended to be broadly compatible across a wide range of software and devices. Obviously, I have a setting wrong. Is it sufficient to just select Foreign Audio Search in Handbrake (burned in) if I have the Subtitle track? Thanks. Load a video and Handbrake will show you every available subtitle track. subtitle settings are as follows: Foreign Audio Scan, Forced only (checked), Burn In (unchecked), Default (unchecked) Lang:English, Char Code:UTF-8, Offset:None, Burn in (checked), Default. Problem Description When using QSV with specifically a DVD (potentially bluray) with Foreign Audio Scan turned on, an Init failure or crash will occur when the encode pass starts after the subtitle scan. 7. Use the option foreign Audio track search (something like that). Use mkvmerge to combine your video with the wav file first. The default (20) is normally fine. Woodstock Posts: 9280 Joined: Sun Jul 24, 2011 11:21 pm. If you intend to add an external file, click on the Tracks button, and select Import Subtitle to pick the subtitle file. HandBrake’s hardware video encoders also benefit from modern GPU hardware. What’s next. When you first open HandBrake, it'll prompt you to browse for the jumbo-sized video you want to diminish. From Bluray - PGS Subtitles. No matter which one I select and which of the options or combination of options (Forced Only, Burned In, Default) I select, I cannot get the resulting encode to display the english subs. I just tried this with "Salt" and it worked perfectly. Decomb filter, slightly increased video bit rate, foreign audio search, chapter markers. This is the only disk that fails to rip. HandBrake (32bit). HandBrake’s Web Presets use the broadly compatible MP4 container and are tailored for sharing videos on the Internet. It allows you to alter the audio codec. With some DVD sources, there is a subtitle track which only displays during foreign language sections of the video. HandBrake does not store Audio and Subtitle tracks in presets. Step 4. Look at the resulting file sizes and the quality. Configure the rest of the non-audio settings as you prefer them. Click Apply then right-click your new preset name and click Update selected Preset, to store your settings. Tried handbreak and Handbreak Nightly HandBrake version (e. Web presets. HandBrake can perform a scan of the source title/file to see if there are any parts of the title that are in a foreign language. It doesn't look inside any of these tracks the. Create a new folder for your converted video files to be stored in. Very slow will still be pretty quick as x264 is an older codec, but perfect for DVD rips. The 'forced' flag isn't always set. , 1. Also, "5 English (VobSub)" works the same. Click the "Source" button and choose "Open File" from the dropdown choices. Photo by Handbrake Optimizing Audio Settings. works with Foreign Audio Search; can be Burned-In; can be passed through to MKV (but not MP4). I ensure the correct audio is selected, and then I then go to the subtitle page. . 0):{"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"source/docs/en/latest/advanced":{"items":[{"name":"audio-defaults. Step 3. The extra step that worked for me:Add a Comment. g. g. Front Page. Click on Selection Behavior next to Audio to customize how HandBrake should select and encode audio tracks. 2) Run the video mkv file through handbrake. Step 6: Next click "Browse" to choose an output folder to store the output video. 2 These Presets generally produce higher quality audio and video to reduce generational loss commonly accrued during re-encoding into multiple formats and. . From Bluray - PGS Subtitles. You can access the current log by opening the Activity Log window in HandBrake. Now, close the Options window and select your Source, choosing a folder with multiple files rather than just a lone video. For wide-screen content, the height will be a lower number. Open bradleysepos opened this issue Jun 4, 2017 · 1 comment Open Improve foreign audio search subtitles. 1, 7. Choose the "Subtitle" button, select the "Enable Subtitle" and check "Extra" below it. Export if possible, else Passthru if possible, else Drop. Step 5: Tap "Subtitles" option and click "Clear". Go to handbrake. Handbrake will auto-adjust the height to match the width. Step 4. Is it sufficient to just select Foreign Audio Search in Handbrake (burned in) if I have the Subtitle track? Thanks. I scanned the source on handbrake and when I moved to the Subtitles tab, all it said was Foreign Audio Scan. Click "Add" button to build in the downloaded SRT subtitle or open/closed caption just as shown in the picture. . After you've inserted the DVD into your computer, select it from the "Source Selection" panel on the left side of your screen. Go to Subtitles tab ->Select Foreign Audio search. Since the checkbox is disabled, there is no way to uncheck it. Add Foreign Audio Scan Pass. In MakeMKV it makes only sense if this is the favorite language forced subtitle track or the main audio language is different from the set favorite language and the the subtitle (regardless if it is forced ot not) are in favorite language. It works "most of the time", but might fail on a track where "karaoke" subtitles are used for the opening/closing segments. First pass will scan the file for subtitles. What is auto passthru handbrake in this manner? HandBrake has two modes of operation for handling audio tracks from the source. From Bluray - PGS Subtitles. So if you want accurate good-looking subtitles every time, put the work in beforehand, then you. With the correct playback software, you’ll be able to enable / disable these subtitles as required. ) Make sure you don’t select “Forced Subtitles Only” since the subtitles on that track. The developers of HandBrake, the popular open source video transcoder, have announced the release of version 0. HandBrake is a free and open source tool for converting video files from almost any format to a range of modern, widely supported codecs. a. After that, choose a path to keep your output files by browse. Jun 2005. If you reAlly want, you can encode 2 audio tracks (5. Inside, you. 0. Description of the problem I'm trying to write a command that will recompress the video of an MKV, leaving the audio tracks and subtitle tracks as they are. Add Foreign Audio Scan HandBrake can perform a scan of the source title / file to try and detect if there is a portions of a title that are in a foreign language. To enable this functionality within the HandBrake user interface, from the “Subtitles” tab select the “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from the “Track” dropdown menu and click the “Forced. Audio quality is slightly reduced, and. It is strongly recommended to just use the AAC, AC3, and E-AC3 audio codecs for reencoding. Subtitles To enable this functionality within the HandBrake user interface, from the “Subtitles” tab select the “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from the. and 1 Auto pass-thru Surround. As a workaround, disable it when previewing. Creator Presets produce videos suitable for uploading to video hosting services such as Vimeo and YouTube. Once HandBrake has scanned the contents of the folder. ago. idx/sub file/s. When you select it, Forced Only and Burned In will be checked. That search code is built into HandBrake. 3. Click on the “ Full Title List ” button to be directed to the clip selection menu. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"source/docs/en/latest/technical":{"items":[{"name":"anamorphic-guide. Everytime I try to convert an ISO file into a mp4 or MKV file, the conversion freezes at 51. Step. HandBrake最新版をまだインストールしていないなら、まず上の記事を参照してHandBrake日本語版をダウンロードしてインストールしてください。 Web presets . How do I force subtitles in HandBrake? Forced Subtitles To enable this functionality within the HandBrake user interface, from the “Subtitles” tab select the “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from the “Track” dropdown menu and click the “Forced” Checkbox. 2. Use MKV Merge (part of MKV Toolnix) feed in the original file, set your preferred language and default status labels for each track then have MKV Merge mux the tracks into a new MKV file. foreign audio search. Leave Category set to Custom Presets, and ensure the Resolution Limit states the maximum resolution size you've. This article is part of the HandBrake Documentation and was written by Scott (s55). Foreign Audio Scan question Short question: Upon disc insertion and scan, does Handbrake recognize when there is a forced subtitle data stream/"track" on it, or do I just. The sub track on the DVD is not “forced”, it just matches your language setting and differs from the audio track. Audio defaults do not save separately from regular presets. Top. Forced subtitles come in on shapes, sizes, kinds and for the 1% you will have to do some manual work (determining which track is the forced subtitle track, noting it, and selecting it in HB manually). kw-770 commented on Apr 26, 2020. HandBrake (32bit). Click the "Source" button and choose "Open File" from the dropdown choices. Going off Intel CPUs I've used in the past usually. If you want the subtitles on by default, choose default. First, click through Tools > Options > Output Files, then click Browse on the Default Path field. 9 makes transcoding to MP4 or MKV video easier than ever: Popular cross-platform, open-source video transcoder HandBrake 0. Foreign audio search is a special mode where it tries to find a subtitle track that has few lines in it, that looks like it's a track for a foreign language. I am currently revisiting my media library with t. What are the steps to reproduce this pr. 9. Once it’s in, start considering whether you want your subtitles to. 3. On the subtitle tab in Handbrake, for Track, select Foreign Audio Search. However, if you want the true experience you can choose the appropriate channel count surround option from the “Mixdown” dropdown. Step 5. Decomb filter, slightly decreased video bit rate, surround sound, foreign audio search. After adding the video, click on the Subtitles tab and choose the subtitle file for it. not 2, since the graphical user interface (GUI) for Handbrake numbers subtitle tracks starting at 1, not 0. In seconds you’ll see the files appear on Tipard. You asked for a foreign audio search which takes a pass over the decoded video, plus 2 passes for actual video encoding: [11:35:08] + subtitle, English [PGS] (track 0, id 0x3, Picture) So that's 3 passes. 1/48 kHz) Separated by commas for more than one audio track. HandBrake Review Interface. Select “Sync”. Add the Subtitle Files. The Language-based selection is done with VidCoder, as it looks over the list of subtitle tracks. Plex can direct play these to any 4k tv in the house. 0 -a 1 -E faac -B 160 -6 dpl2 -R Auto -D 0. I tried Handbrake “Foreign Audio Search (Bitmap)” option from and clicked the “Forced” and tried to burn them into the video but that did not work. About HandBrake What HandBrake is, does, and does not; Getting HandBrake. Handbrake, a cross-platform program (with versions available for Windows and OS X along with Linux), comes in both a command-line version and a GUI version for Linux. But I cannot see any way how MakeMKV can check this in detail, so the best is to set the default to off.